Nelson Mandela Tribute

his birth

• Nelson Mandela was born on July 18, 1918
• He was born into the Madiba clan in Mvezo, Transkei
• His parents were to Nonqaphi Nosekeni and Nkosi Mphakanyiswa Gadla Mandela
• His father died when he was 12 years old (1930) 

his education

• He started school in Qunu 
• There, he was given the name Nelson, because the customs made all-
• Children have Christian names
• He began his studies for a Bachelor of Arts degree at the University College of Fort Hare
• He did not graduate because he was expelled for being in a student protest

his education (cont.)

• He completed his BA through the University of South Africa and went back to Fort Hare for his graduation in 1943.
• Meanwhile he began studying for an LLB at the University of the Witwatersrand.
• By his own admission he was a poor student and left the university in 1952 without graduating
• while in the last months of his imprisonment, he obtained an LLB through the University of South Africa

The ANC youth league

• Mandela joined the ANC Youth League in 1944
• Ever since he was a child, he wanted to make a contribution to freedom
• in 1949 the ANC adopted a more radical mass-based policy, the Programme of Action.
• Throughout this, he was able to make more of a change

helping the anc

• On 11 January 1962, using the adopted name David Motsamayi, Nelson Mandela secretly left South Africa
• He travelled around Africa and visited England to gain support for the armed struggle
• He was charged with leaving the country illegally and inciting workers to strike

APARTHEID affecting Mandela

• At the end of 1952 he was banned for the first time
• As a restricted person, he of course was not able to do much for the ANC
• he was only permitted to watch in secret as the Freedom Charter was adopted in Kliptown on 26 June 1955.
• Nelson Mandela was arrested in a countrywide police swoop on 5 December 1955
• This led  to the 1956 Treason Trial

life in prison

• On 11 June 1964 Nelson Mandela and seven other accused were sent to life imprisonment
• On 31 March 1982 Nelson Mandela was transferred to Pollsmoor Prison in Cape Town with Sisulu, Mhlaba
• Mandela was sent on many different charges, most of which were fake:
• Murder, theft, arson, acts of terrorism 
• He was released on Sunday 11 February 1990, nine days after the unbanning of the ANC and the PAC

rivonia trial

• while at the Rivonia trial, he made this famous speech:
• I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination.
• I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society 
• in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities
• It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die

protesting begins

• On 21 March 1960 police killed 69 unarmed people in a protest
• This protest was against the pass laws held at Sharpeville
• This led to the country’s first state of emergency and the banning of the ANC
• This put Nelson Mandela in a treason trial with thousands of others

Mandela's final achievements

• On 10 May 1994 he was inaugurated South Africa’s first democratically elected President
• True to his promise Nelson Mandela stepped down in 1999 after one term as President
• He continued to work with the Nelson Mandela Children’s Fund he set up in 1995
• In April 2007 his grandson Mandla Mandela became head of the Mvezo Traditional Council