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Macromolecules

Published on Nov 21, 2015

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

TY JONES
Photo by kaibara87

CARBOHYDRATES

  • Carbohydrates are used by the body for energy
  • And structural support in cell walls of plants
  • And exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans

Chemical Composition of Carbohydrates

  • Carbohydrates are made up of smaller
  • Subunits called Monosaccharides.
  • Monosaccharides have carbon, hyrdogen, and
  • Oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio
  • These simple sugars combine to make Disaccharides and Polysaccharides

Carbohydrates protect muscles and regulate the amount of sugar circulating in your body

EXAMPLES

  • Sugars
  • Starches
  • Cellulose
  • Chitin
Photo by tanvach

LIPIDS

  • Lipids are large nonpolar (won't dissolve in water)
  • molecules.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF LIPIDS

  • Lipids have more carbon and hydrogen
  • atoms than oxygen atoms.
  • The subunit is called Trigylyceride.
Photo by AJC1

Lipids serve as waxy coverings (cuticle) on plants, pigments (chlorophyl), and steroids.

EXAMPLES

  • Fats (saturated and unsaturated)
  • Steroids
  • Waxes
  • Vitamins

PROTEINS

  • Proteins are used to build cells
  • and do much of the work inside
  • organisms.
Photo by kevin dooley

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PROTIEN

  • Proteins are made up of subunits
  • called amino acids.
  • Amino acids contain two functional groups
  • the Carboxyl group (-COOH), and the
  • Amino group (-NH2)
Photo by widdowquinn

Proteins act as enzymes to control metabolic reactions in organisms

EXAMPLES

  • Pork
  • Chicken
  • Steak
  • Ostrich

NUCLEIC ACIDS

  • Nucleic Acids carry the genetic
  • information in a cell
Photo by net_efekt

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF NUCLEIC ACIDS

  • The subunits that make
  • up nucleic acids are called
  • Nucleotides.
Photo by widdowquinn

Nuclei Acids hold genetic makeup and information

EXAMPLES

  • DNA(Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid)
  • RNA(Ribose Nucleic Acid)
Photo by M Pinarci