PRESENTATION OUTLINE
CARBOHYDRATES
- Carbohydrates are used by the body for energy
- And structural support in cell walls of plants
- And exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans
Chemical Composition of Carbohydrates
- Carbohydrates are made up of smaller
- Subunits called Monosaccharides.
- Monosaccharides have carbon, hyrdogen, and
- Oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio
- These simple sugars combine to make Disaccharides and Polysaccharides
Carbohydrates protect muscles and regulate the amount of sugar circulating in your body
EXAMPLES
- Sugars
- Starches
- Cellulose
- Chitin
LIPIDS
- Lipids are large nonpolar (won't dissolve in water)
- molecules.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF LIPIDS
- Lipids have more carbon and hydrogen
- atoms than oxygen atoms.
- The subunit is called Trigylyceride.
Lipids serve as waxy coverings (cuticle) on plants, pigments (chlorophyl), and steroids.
EXAMPLES
- Fats (saturated and unsaturated)
- Steroids
- Waxes
- Vitamins
PROTEINS
- Proteins are used to build cells
- and do much of the work inside
- organisms.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PROTIEN
- Proteins are made up of subunits
- called amino acids.
- Amino acids contain two functional groups
- the Carboxyl group (-COOH), and the
- Amino group (-NH2)
Proteins act as enzymes to control metabolic reactions in organisms
NUCLEIC ACIDS
- Nucleic Acids carry the genetic
- information in a cell
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF NUCLEIC ACIDS
- The subunits that make
- up nucleic acids are called
- Nucleotides.
Nuclei Acids hold genetic makeup and information
EXAMPLES
- DNA(Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid)
- RNA(Ribose Nucleic Acid)