MACROMOLECULES

PROTEIN

COMPOUND

• Proteins are greater than 50% of an organisms biomass
• Proteins are also referred to as polypeptides
• Enzymes are proteins

PROTEIN

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

• Proteins are biomolecules composed of amino Acids. All amino acids
• Have a carboxyl group, -COOH, and an amine group, -Nh2, attached to a central carbon
• Atom. There are 23 amino acids, 20 of which are common to all living organisms.

PROTEINS

FUNCTION

• Proteins sometimes provide energy to living systems
• Hormones transport substances throughout the body and fight infection
• Enzymes control the body's chemical reactions

CARBOHYDRATE

COMPOUND

• Carbohydrates are organic compounds made
• up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

CARBOHYDRATE

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

• Carbohydrates have an atom ratio of 1 carbon, 2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen.
• The simple sugars are monosaccharides, which link together using dehydration synthesis
• Compound sugars are disaccharides
• Long sugar chains are polysaccharides

CARBOHYDRATE

FUNCTION

• Carbohydrates provides energy
• In the form of sugars.

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LIPID

COMPOUND

• Lipids are large organic molecules that are non polar
• and aren't very soluable in water.

LIPID

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

• Simplest lipids are known as fatty acids
• A fatty acid is made up of a long, straight carbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end
• The carbon chain is nonpolar, and hydrophilic,
• whereas the carboxyl group is polar and hydrophobic.

LIPID

FUNCTION

• Lipids are used for energy like proteins and carbohydrates.
• Although lipids give more energy than proteins and carbohydrates.

NUCLEIC ACID

COMPOUND

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