JAMES SMALL

James Small Biography

• He was born in 1730
• He was brought up in Dalkeith, Scotland.
• He studied in England
• He died from over-work and poverty

James Small Biography Cont.

• While in England, he studied various designs for plows
• After this he would return to Berwickshire on the Scottish Border

IRON SWING PLOW

• James Small invented it in 1784
• He had it cast by Carron Iron Works
• It was an immediate success

Iron Swing Plow Cont.

• He would never patent his design
• This plow was widely copied

PLOW'S SIGNIFICANCE

• It replaced existing cumbersome wooden plows
• Also replaced less robust wooden plows

SIGNIFICANCE CONT.

• Made life easier for the common farmer
• It was easily copied and reproduced