THE RENAISSANCE

• 1400-1800
• First global age

Renaissance
The Renaissance was a cultural movement that spanned the period roughly from the 14th to the 17th century, beginning in Italy in the Late Middle Ages and later spreading to the rest of Europe.

Westernization
the social process of becoming familiar with or converting to the customs and practices of Western civilization

Absolutism
the principle or practice of a political system in which unrestricted power is vested in a monarch, dictator, etc; despotism

Devine right

the right that is supposedly given to a king or queen by God to rule a country

The Commercial Revolution was a period of European economic expansion, colonialism, and mercantilism which lasted from approximately the 13th century until the early 18th century.

Capitalism
Capitalism is an economic system in which trade, industry and the means of production are controlled by private owners with the goal of making profits in a market economy.

Mestizos
is a term traditionally used in Spain and Spanish-speaking America to mean a person of combined European and Native American descent. The term was used as a racial category in the Casta system that was in use during the Spanish empire's control of their American colonies.

Inflation
In economics, inflation is a sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. When the general price level rises, each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services.

Colombian Exchanged
The Columbian Exchange was the widespread exchange of animals, plants, culture, human populations, communicable diseases, technology and ideas between the American and Afro-Eurasian hemispheres following the voyage to the Americas by Christopher Columbus in 1492, colonization and trade by Europeans in the Americas, and institution of the slave trade in Africa and the Americas.

Secular
The philosophy or life stance of secular humanism (alternatively known by some adherents as Humanism, specifically with a capital H to distinguish it from other forms of humanism) embraces human reason, ethics, social justice and philosophical naturalism, while specifically rejecting religious dogma, supernaturalism, pseudoscience or superstition as the basis of morality and decision making.

Great dying
(Permian–Triassic extinction event, ) occurred about 252 Ma (million years) ago,[4] forming the boundary between the Permian and Triassic geologic periods, as well as the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras.

Humanism
Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence over established doctrine or faith.

Reformation 16th century movement for religious reform started by Martin Luther who opposed the selling of indulgences (forgiveness), leading to the formation of Protestant Churches that reject the Pope's authority

Enlightenment Promoted intellectual interchange and opposed intolerance and abuses of the church an state. Figures-John Locke, Rousseau, Voltaire, Thomas Hobbes, and Montesquieu