Healthcare in China

Location/Geographics

• Located in Southeast Asia along the coastline of the Pacific Ocean, China is the world's third largest country, after Russia and Canada. With an area of 9.6 million square kilometers and a coastline of 18,000 kilometers
• China is bordered by 14 countries Korea, Vietnam, Laos, Burma, India, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakstan, Mongolia, and Russia

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Population

• Current population is 1,383,698,352
• Equivalent to 18.72 percent of the total world population
• 56% of the population is urban (799,964,410)
• 699 million males and 645 million females

Infant Mortality

• 14.79 deaths/1,000 live births
• Males have a 14.93 deaths/1,000 live births
• The leading cause of infant death in China were perinatal infections and parasitic diseases, congenital anomalies, accidents and symptoms of ill-defines condidtions

Life Expectancy

• Total life expectancy at birth is 74.7 years
• Males 72.7 years
• Females 76.9 years

Literacy of Population

• 96.36 percent of the adult population in China are able to read and write
• 41,229,509 adults are illiterate
• 1 to 6 years in primary education
• 2 years in j60unior secondary education
• 3 years in secondary education
• 60 percent of all high school grads attend college, compared to 20 percent in 1980

Original Coverage

• Historically, there were two main health insurance systems: the labor insurance schemes (LIS) and government employee insurance schemes (GIS)

Healthcare Insurance

• NRCMS(New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme) Launched in 2003 in rural areas at a 97 percent coverage
• URBMI(Urban Resident Basic Medical Coverage) launched in 2007 to target the unemployed, children, college students and disable in urban areas coverage is about 93 percent
• UEBMI(Urban Employee Basic Medical Coverage) launched in 1998 as employee-based insurance program

Summary

• China successfully achieved universal health insurance coverage in 2011, representing the largest expansion of insurance coverage in human history. While the achievement is widely recognized, it is still largely unexplored why China was able to attain it within a short period of time.