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Geology-The 3 Rock Types

Published on Nov 18, 2015

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

1.

IGNEOUS

  • Most common rock on Earth
  • Classified by 2 types
  • Intrusive-cools underground
  • Extrusive-cools above ground
  • Formed from magma and lava
Photo by Krstnn Hrmnsn
2.

GRANITE

  • Igneous
  • Course-Grained
  • Intrusive:cools very slowly underground
  • Large crystals
3.

OBSIDIAN

  • Igneous
  • Extrusive:cools above ground
  • Glassy
  • Formed when lava cools quickly
  • Comes from shield volcanoes
4.

BASALT

  • Igneous
  • Intrusive:cools underground quickly
  • Fine-grained
  • Small crystals
5.

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

  • Sedimentary Rocks: created by weathering (think WED)
  • Through erosion, the sediments are deposited in various places
  • The sediments are either lithified or cemented to become rock
  • Lithification: when heat and pressure compress the sediments together
  • Cementation: when percolating water compressed the sediments
Photo by Peter Rivera
6.

LIMESTONE

  • Classified as Biochemical
  • Made when animals excrete CaCO3
7.

CONGLOMERATE

  • Sedimentary rock
  • Formed from large rounded particles
  • Detrital: made from sed of other rocks
  • Great example of cementation
8.

ROCKSALT

  • Sedimentary rock
  • Classified as an Evaporate and Chemical
  • Water dries up and leaves deposits behind
9.

SANDSTONE

  • Sedimentary rock
  • Formed from uniform sand-grained particles
  • Detrital: formed from sed of other rock
10.

SHALE

  • Sedimentary rock
  • Flat layers with silt and clay
  • Usually contains organic debris
  • Went through lithification
11.

METAMORPHIC ROCKS

  • Metamorphism: to change form
  • Any rock can undergo metamorphism
  • Metamorphic rocks are always called "daughter rocks"
  • And they come from a "parent rock"
Photo by kqedquest
12.

MARBLE

  • Limestone goes through metamorphism
  • Becomes Marble in the process
13.

SLATE

  • Shale goes through low grade metamorphism
  • And becomes slate
  • Does not show organic debris like Shale
14.

SCHIST

  • Slate goes through high grade metamorphism
  • And becomes Schist
  • Small crystals are visible
15.

GNEISS

  • Granite undergoes heat and pressure
  • And becomes gneiss
16.

QUARTZITE

  • The sand particles of sandstone fuse together
  • And becomes quartzite

Adam Kleid