Friedrich Ratzel

Life Span

• Born: August 30, 1844
• Death: August 9, 1904
• Lived mainly in Germany

Education

• 1863: Rapperswil in Switzerland
• University of Heidelberg, Jena, and Berlin: Studied Zoology
• Teaching: University of Munich (1875-1886) and University of Leipzig (1886-1904)

Theories

• Influenced by Darwin and Ernst Heinrich Haeckel (German Zoologist)
• Migration, Cultural Borrowing, and effects between humans and the environment
• Lebensraum: AKA “Living Space”; relates human groups to their developing spatial units
• State = Biological Organism

Textbook References

• pg. 275
• Found under "The German School
• Explains Ratzel's idea of States and Lebensraum

APHUG Outline

• Friedrich Ratzel and his theories will be taught in the 2nd Semester in Unit 6 when we discuss Political Geography

Fun Facts

• 1 of 4 Children
• Apprentice at an Apothecary at 15 years old
• Assisted Charles Martin, a French Naturalist

BIBLIOGRAPHY PT 1

• "Friedrich Ratzel." - New World Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Sept. 2015.
• "Friedrich Ratzel | Biography - German Geographer." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 23 Sept. 2015.

Bibliography pt 2

• "Ratzel, Friedrich." Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. 2008, "Ratzel, Friedrich." International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. 1968, "Friedrich Ratzel." Encyclopedia of World Biography. 2004, and "Ratzel, Friedrich." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th Ed.. 2015. "Ratzel, Friedrich." Encyclopedia.com. HighBeam Research, 01 Jan. 2008. Web. 23 Sept. 2015.

BIbliography pt 3

• J., De Blij Harm, Alexander B. Murphy, and Erin Hogan. Fouberg. "Chapter 8 Political Geography." Human Geography: People, Place, and Culture. 10th ed. New York: J. Wiley, 2007. 275-76. Print.