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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

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BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER (BPD)

By: Emmett Jarnagin
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SYMPTOMS

  • A person with borderline personality disorder may experience intense bouts of anger, depression, or anxiety that may last only hours or, at most, a few days.
  • These may be associated with episodes of impulsive aggression, self-injury, and drug or alcohol abuse.
  • People with BPD may feel bored, empty, or unfairly misunderstood or mistreated, and they have little idea who they are.
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ETIOLOGY OF BPD

  • Although the cause of borderline personality disorder is unknown, both environmental and genetic factors are thought to play a role in predisposing people to BPD symptoms and traits.
  • BPD is approximately five times more common among people with close biological relatives with BPD.
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DIAGNOSIS

  • Unfortunately, borderline personality disorder is often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed.
  • A licensed mental health professional experienced in diagnosing and treating mental disorders—such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, or clinical social worker—can diagnose borderline personality disorder based on a thorough interview and a comprehensive medical exam, which can help rule out other possible causes of symptoms.
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TREATMENTS

  • Talk therapy is usually the first choice of treatment (unlike some other illnesses where medication is often first.)
  • Generally, treatment involves one to two sessions a week with a mental health counselor.
  • For therapy to be effective, people must feel comfortable with and trust their therapist.
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PROGNOSIS

  • Many people who have been diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are told that their chronic disorder is not treatable. However, BPD can have a good prognosis if properly treated
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STATISTICS

  • In the United States, recent research has shown that 1.6% of the population has BPD.
  • That percentage means that over four million people have BPD in America alone.
  • In a recent study, over 40% of people with BPD had been previously misdiagnosed with other disorders like bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder.
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CELEBRITIES

  • Angelina Jolie
  • Amy Winehouse
  • Princess Diana
  • Mike Wallace
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SOURCES

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DEPENDENT PERSONALITY DISORDER

  • People with this disorder do not trust their own ability to make decisions and feel that others have better ideas.
  • People with this disorder may be devastated by separation and loss, and they may go to great lengths, even suffering abuse, to stay in a relationship.
  • They may tend to belittle their abilities and frequently refer to themselves as "stupid."
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ETIOLOGY

  • The cause of this disorder is not known.
  • The disorder usually appears in early adulthood.
  • Individuals who experienced chronic physical illness or separation anxiety disorder in childhood or adolescence may be at higher risk of developing dependent personality disorder.
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DIAGNOSIS

  • A diagnosis of DPD must be distinguished from borderline personality disorder, as the two share common symptoms.
  • In borderline personality disorder, the person responds to fears of abandonment with feelings of rage and emptiness.
  • With DPD, the person responds to the fear with submissiveness and seeks another relationship to maintain his or her dependency.
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TREATMENTS

  • Psychotherapy is the preferred form of treatment for people with dependent personality disorder.
  • Cognitive-behavioral therapy focuses on patterns of thinking that are maladaptive, the beliefs that underlie such thinking, and resolving symptoms or traits that are characteristic of the disorder—such as the inability to make important life decisions or the inability to initiate relationships.
  • Improvements are usually seen only with long-term therapy or treatment.
  • Medication may be helpful to treat any other underlying conditions.
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PROGNOSIS

  • The general prognosis for individuals with dependent personality disorder is good.
  • Most people with this disorder have have a supportive relationship with at least one parent.
  • This enables them to engage in treatment to varying degrees and to explore to source of their dependent behavior.
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STATISTICS

  • Of the 342 patients with a dependent diagnosis, 51.2% were over 40 years of age, compared with only 25.7% of the remaining patients with a personality disorder.
  • The dependent sample was 69.6% female compared with 58.6% of those with other types of personality disorders.
  • In general, dependent patients were more likely to have major depression and bipolar disorder than those with other personality disorders.
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CELEBRITIES THAT HAD THIS DISORDER

  • Jason Leigh
  • Buster Bluth
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SOURCES

Emmett J