DIABETES TREATMENTS AND COMPLICATIONS

TABLETS FOR DIABETES

• Metformin to reduce insulin resistance
• Sulphonylureas To increase insulin from the pancreas eg. Gliclazide, glimepiride
• Other tablets to make you wee out more sugar, or change the cells metabolism to reduce blood sugar

LIFESTYLE CHANGES

• Move more, 30 mins exercise every day or 10,000 steps per day reduces insulin resistance
• Eat less food and better food, reduces insulin resistance and blood sugars
• Stop smoking, smoking and diabetes is a death sentence...with possible gangrene on the way
• Reduce weight, even 5-10kg reduces insulin resistance
• Every little makes a difference, even if you don't ,lose weight, exercise helps

INSULIN

• Giving back what is lacking
• Best treatment for diabetes
• No matter how " good" the diabetic is, if they live long enough they will probably need insulin
• Not a punishment or failure...but can be delayed by early aggressive management
• Injected under the skin or given in a pump
• Other injectable eg. Byetta,victoza

COMPLICATIONS

• = a medical problem that happens secondary to another medical problem or procedure
• Can try our best to avoid them
• An hba1c of less than 7 gives you a low risk of complications in next 20 years.

DIABETES COMPLICATIONS

• Heart- heart attack (acute myocardial infarction)and heart failure(congestive cardiac failure), stroke(cerebrovascular accident).
• Feet- peripheral neuropathy, charcots foot, ulcers, gangrene, amputation
• Eyes- blindness from bleed in eye, diabetic retinopathy
• Kidneys- kidney failure, leading cause of needing dialysis (diabetic nephropathy)

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DIABETES IS PERSONAL

• Each person is different
• there is no cure
• going on insulin is a good thing
• good diabetes control avoids complications for as long as possible
• long term team work with GP is the best way to live well with diabetes

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SPELLING WORDS

• diabetes
• diabetic
• peripheral neuropathy
• retinopathy
• nephropathy
• metformin
• acute myocardial infarction
• cerebrovascular accident
• congestive cardiac failure

HOW DIABETES CAUSES COMPLICATIONS

• the excess sugar leads to easy infection
• the excess sugar starts to cause fat and clots to stick it he big and small blood vessels
• the blood vessels supply every part of your body, and when you have sick blood vessels, every organ can fail