SCIENCE 6

WHAT IS A STAR

• A fixed luminous point in the night sky that is a large, remote incandescent body like the sun.

WHAT IS AN ASTRONOMICAL UNIT

• A Unit of measurement equal to 149.6 million kilometers, the mean distance from the center of the earth to the center of the sun.

What is Fusion

• The process or result of joining two or more things together to form a single entity.

WHAT IS THE SUN

• The Sun is a star found at the center of the Solar System. It makes up around 99.86% of the Solar System's mass. At around 1,392,000 kilometres (865,000 miles) wide, the Sun's diameter is about 110 times wider than Earth's. Around 74% of the Sun's mass is made up of hydrogen.
• At around 1,392,000 kilometres (865,000 miles) wide, the Sun’s diameter is about 110 times wider than Earth’s.
• The Sun’s surface temperature is around 5500 degrees Celsius (9941 degrees Fahrenheit), so pack plenty of sunscreen if you plan on visiting (remembering that the average distance from the Sun to the Earth is around 150 million kilometers).
• Around 74% of the Sun’s mass is made up of hydrogen. Helium makes up around 24% while heavier elements such as oxygen, carbon, iron and neon make up the remain
• The Sun produces a solar wind which contains charged particles such as electrons and protons. They escape the Sun’s intense gravity because of their high kinetic energy and the high temperature of the Sun’s corona (a type of plasma atmosphere that extends into space).

HOW CAN THE MASS OF THE SUN BE CALCULATED

• Knowing the mass and radius of the Earth and the distance of the Earth from the sun, we can calculate the mass of the sun (right), again by using the law of universal gravitatio

WHAT GASES COMPOSE THE SUN

• The Sun is a huge, glowing sphere of hot gas. Most of this gas is hydrogen (about 70%) and helium (about 28%). Carbon, nitrogen and oxygen make up 1.5% and the other 0.5% is made up of small amounts of many other elements such as neon, iron, silicon, magnesium and sulfur.

WHERE IS MOST OF THE ENERGY THE SUN PRODUCES FORMED

• Technically known as nuclear fusion, this process releases an incredible amount of energy in the form of light and heat. But getting that energy from the center of our Sun all the way out to planet Earth and beyond involves a couple of crucial steps. In the end, it all comes down to the Sun’s layers, and the role each of them plays in making sure that solar energy gets to where it can help create and sustain life.

WHAT LAYER OF THE SUN IS VISIBLE

• Compared to the amount of time it takes to get through the radiative zone, energy is transported very quickly through the outer convective zone. The Sun's visible surface the photosphere is “only” about 5,800 K (10,000 degrees F). Just above the photosphere is a thin layer called the chromosphere.

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