PRESENTATION OUTLINE
U.S. CIVIL WAR(NORTH VS SOUTH)
Slavery
The burning issue that led to the disruption of the union was the debate over the future of slavery. That dispute led to secession, and secession brought about a war in which the Northern and Western states and territories fought to preserve the Union, and the South fought to establish Southern independence as a new confederation of states under its own constitution.
State's Rights
States’ Rights refers To the struggle between the federal government and individual states over political power. In the Civil War era, this struggle focused heavily on the institution of slavery and whether the federal government had the right to regulate or even abolish slavery within an individual state. The sides of this debate were largely drawn between northern and southern states, thus widened the growing divide within the nation.
Sectionalism
That was not enough to calm the fears of delegates to an 1860 secession convention in South Carolina. To the surprise of other Southern states—and even to many South Carolinians—the convention voted to dissolve the state’s contract with the United States and strike off on its own. South Carolina had threatened this before in the 1830s during the presidency of Andrew Jackson, over a tariff that benefited Northern manufacturers but increased the cost of goods in the South. Jackson had vowed to send an army to force the state to stay in the Union, and Congress authorized him to raise such an army (all Southern senators walked out in protest before the vote was taken), but a compromise prevented the confrontation from occurring.
Battle of Fort Sumter
The Battle of Fort Sumter was the first battle of the American Civil War. The intense Confederate artillery bombardment of Major Robert Anderson's small Union garrison in the unfinished fort in the harbor at Charleston, South Carolina, had been preceded by months of siege-like conditions. The Confederates won. Written by Alexander Stephans (Confederate) quoted ""We shall be in one of the bloodiest civil wars that history has recorded"". The south quoted ""The firing on that fort will inaugurate a civil war greater than any the world has yet seen…you will lose us every friend at the North"".
Battle of Antietam-September 17, 1862
The Battle of Antietam forced the Confederate Army to retreat back across the Potomac River. The battle was inconclusive that is what led to the Emancipation Proclamation. The battle was inconclusive. ""failed toutlilize his numerical superiority to crush Lee’s army. Quoted by Confederate. ""We thought we won but no one did actually"".
Battle at Gettysburg-July 1863
The Battle of Gettysburg was the largest and bloodiest battle ever fought in North America. During the first three days of July 1863, the Union Army of the Potomac and the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia turned a small town in Southern Pennsylvania into the site of a struggle for the future of the United States. More than 50,000 men fell as casualties (men listed as killed, wounded, or missing/captured), a scale of suffering never seen before or since on American soil. According to many historians, Gettysburg was the turning point of the American Civil War. It was the Confederacy's best chance to achieve victory, and it breathed new life into the Union war effort. The Union won. ""We achieved a tremendous victory over Major General Joseph Hooker and the Army of the Potomac at the Battle of Chancellorsville in Virginia"" quoted by Confederate. ""Lee learned of the quick advance of us and, he began to consolidate his disparate columns together"" quoted by Union.
Battle of Vicksburg- May 18, 1863 – June 4, 1863
In May and June of 1863, Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's armies converged on Vicksburg, investing the city and entrapping a Confederate army under Lt. Gen. John Pemberton. On July 4, Vicksburg surrendered after prolonged siege operations. This was the culmination of one of the most brilliant military campaigns of the war. ""Let us have peace"" quoted by Grant. ""Vicksburg is the nail head that holds the South's two halves together"" quoted by Jefferson Davis.
Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation led the way to total abolition of slavery in the United States. With the Emancipation Proclamation, the aim of the war changed to include the freeing of slaves in addition to preserving the Union. ""slaves across the Confederate territory, widespread joy developed throughout the African-American community"" quoted by A Slave
Surrender at Appomattox Courthouse
On April 9, 1865, Confederate General Robert E. Lee (1807-70) surrendered his approximately 28,000 troops to Union General Ulysses S. Grant (1822-85) in the front parlor of Wilmer McLean's home in Appomattox Court House, Virginia, effectively ending the American Civil War (1861-65). "" feel that it is so, and regard it as my duty to shift from myself the responsibility of any further effusion of blood by asking of you the surrender of that portion of the Confederate States army known as the Army of Northern Virginia"" quoted by Robert E lee. ""will accept the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia, is just received. In reply I would say that, peace being my great desire"" quoted by U.S. Grant.
Presidents of a Civil War in the North A.K.A Union
Abraham Lincoln was President of the United States during the Civil War from 1860-1865. He was born in a log cabin near Hodgenville, Kentucky, on February 12, 1809. When he was president he was also the Commander-in-Chief of the Union Army, which is the highest-ranking military officer. ""U.S. Grant was a fighter, he knows how to fight"".
Presidents of Civil War in the South A.K.A Confederate
Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederacy, had been captured! Jefferson Davis (1808-1889), president of the Confederate states (the South) during the Civil War, was captured when the Union Army caught up to him on May 10, 1865, in Irwinville, Georgia. ""Thought we had some good War Commanders""
General of South;Robert E. Lee
""It is well that war is so terrible, or we should grow too fond of it""
Generals of North;Ulysses S. Grant
""I propose to fight it out on this line, if it takes all summer""
Thomas ""Stonewall"" Jackson
A skilled military strategies, he served as a Confederate general under Robert E. Lee in the American Civil War, leading troops at Manassas, Antietam and Fredericksburg. Jackson lost an arm and died after he was accidentally shot by Confederate troops at the Battle of Chancellorsville.
Philip Bazaar
Seaman Philip Bazaar, born in Chile, South America, was a Navy seaman who was awarded the United States' highest military decoration for valor in combat — the Medal of Honor — for having distinguished himself during the battle for Fort Fisher of the American Civil War.
William Carney
William Harvey Carney (February 29, 1840–December 9, 1908) was an African American soldier during the American Civil War. In 1900, he was awarded the Medal of Honor for his good behavior during the Battle of Fort Wagner in 1863. Because his actions preceded those of other medal honored, he is considered to be the first African American to be granted the Medal of Honor.
Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln was the first president assassinated in U.S. history. Why did Booth do it? He thought it would aid the South, which had just surrendered to Federal forces. It had nearly the opposite effect, ending Lincoln's plans for a rather generous peace. Booth did not act alone. This "wanted" poster appeared everywhere, offering a reward for the arrest of Booth and his accomplices. The conspirators were all captured, and Booth was shot while trying to escape from Union soldiers.
Quotes
Northerner:""Some Union armies were aroused by the news and wanted to wreak vengeance on the South""
Southerner:""We thought it would aid the South""
