CHINA POST-1945

Important Facts on the China Conflict

• Conflicts and revolutionary moments in china
• Division of China into 2 nations at the end of the Chinese Civil war (1949)
• Chiang Kai-Shek-Nationalist China
• Mao Zedong-Communist China (island of Taiwan)
• Continuing conflict between two chinas
• Communist China involvement in korea

before the Chinese Revolution and civil war (1949), China had a long history of foreign influence

Remember!

• The Opium Wars
• Spheres of Influence
• Commodore Matthew Perry's "Black Ships"
• U.S. "OPEN DOOR POLICY"

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the central power of the chinese emperor was slowly whittled away

After World War I, the Qing dynasty was overthrown and a new republic was formed. China sought support from the new Soviet union

from 1921-1925, China received advisors, arms, loans, and...communist propaganda from the soviet union

The Rise of Communism

• In 1927, Chinese communists started a movement to gain control of the country
• nationalist forces and communist troops fought for control
• During the mid-1930s, the Communist troops had to evade the Nationalist army

The Long March

Mao Tse-Tung

"A Revolution is not a dinner party, or writing an essay, or painting a picture, or doing embroidery, it cannot be so refined, so leisurely and gentle, so temperate, kind, courteous, restrained and magnanimous. A revolution is an insurrection, an act of violence by which one class overthrows another."

REasons for communist success

• Mao won the support of peasants' land
• Mao won the support of women
• Mao's Army used guerrilla war tactics
• Many saw the nationalist (U.S. Backed) government as corrupt
• Many felt the nationalists allowed foreigners to dominate china

In 1949, Mao's communists forced the nationalists to leave the mainland and go to the island of taiwan

Chiang Kai-shek

The people's republic of china was born on october 1st, 1949 with mao zedong as its leader

Chairman mao's legacy

• killed 3 million people for resisting
• One-party dictatorship denied basic rights and freedoms
• land reform: redistributed land to peasants
• Collectivization: Laborers are not compensated for their work with wages, but receive a share of farm's net productivity

"Great Leap Forward"

• economic and social campaign
• Intended to rapidly transform the country from an agrarian economy to a socialist industrial society
• emphasized manufacturing, mining, transportation, and communication
• Instituted as a military lifestyle
• Long hours, Short breaks

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The "Great Leap forward" was a massive failure and caused the Great Chinese famine which resulted in more than 18 million deaths

The cultural revolution of 1966

• brought about to re-assert control
• Little REd Book- collection of quote, saying, speeches, and writings of mao
• Over 900 Million in print
• Was an unofficial requirement that every chinese citizen own, read, and carry it at all times
• massive propaganda campaigns

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Since the end of the Chinese civil war, China remains divided into two nations and there continues to be conflict between China and Taiwan

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After World War II, the United States pursued a policy of containment against communism. This policy included the development of regional alliances against Soviet and Chinese aggression. The Cold War led to armed conflict in
Korea and Vietnam.