THE GROWTH OF CITIES

IMMIGRATION

• US population more then tripled
• "Old" and "New" immigrants
• Contract labor law
• Chinese exclusion act
• Efforts to restrict immigration

URBANIZATION

• Immigrants were moving into big cities for jobs
• Nature of the city changed
• Many African Americans moved north after the Civil War
• Higher class people moved to the suburbs {crime, poverty in city}

CULTURAL MOVEMENTS

• Changes in education
• Public high school became more common {in opposed to private academies}
• New forms of art and literature
• Realism and nationalism
• New professions