CELLS

EUKARYOTIC AND PROKARYOTIC CELLS

• Eukaryotic has a nucleus
• Prokaryotic has no nucleus

THERE TWO TYPES OF CELLS

• Plants
• Animals

ANIMAL CELLS

• Round
• Only has cell membrane
• No cell wall

PLANT CELLS

• Has both cell wall and membrane
• Shape of cell is rectangular
• Plants cells have chloroplasts to make their own food

CELL PARTS

• Cell wall Cell membrane
• Nucleus Nucleus membrane
• Cytoplasm Ribosome
• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

CELL WALL

• Only in plants
• Outer layer
• Rigid and strong

CELL MEMEBRANE

• All cells
• Plant inside cell wall
• Animal outer layer

NUCLEUS

• In all cells except for prokaryotes
• Holds DNA
• May contain 1 or more nucleoli

NUCLEAR MEMBRANE

• All cells except prokaryotes
• Surround the nucleus

CYTOPLASM

• Clear, thick, jellylike material
• It supports and protects organelles

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

• All cells except prokaryotes
• Carries materials through cell
• Aids in making proteins

MITOCHONDRION

• Breaks down sugar molecules to release energy
• Site of aerobic cellular respiration

VACUOLE

• Plant cells have a single, large vacuole
• Animal cells have small vacuole
• Store food, water, metabolic & toxic wastes

LYSOSOMES

• Small and round with a single membrane
• Breaks down larger food molecules into smaller molecules
• Digests old cell parts

CHLOROPLAST

• Found in plants
• Process called photosynthesis
• Release oxygen
• Uses energy from sun

NUCLEOLUS

• Eukaryotic cells
• Make ribosomes

GOLGI APPARTUS

• Eukaryotic cells
• Stacks of flattened sacs
• Package & export proteins

CILIA

• In Animal cells, Protozoans
• Have a 9-2 arrangement of microtubules
• Short, but numerous

FLAGULLUM

• Bacterial cells & Protozoans
• Have a 9-2 arrangement of microtubules
• Long, but few in number

Untitled Slide

CENTRIOLES

• Animal cells
• Paired structures near the nucleus
• Separate chromosome pairs during mitosis

CYTOSKELETON

• All cells
• Made of microtubules 7 microfilaments
• Strengthen cell & maintains the shape
• Moves organelles within the cell

Untitled Slide