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Cell Organelles and Their Processes

Published on Nov 18, 2015

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

CELL ORGANELLES

AND THEIR PROCESSES BY:LEXI HELMAN

THE ANIMAL CELL

Untitled Slide

ANIMAL CELL ORGANELLES

  • Nucleolus
  • Nucleus
  • Ribosomes
  • Vesicle
  • Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

ANIMAL CELL ORGANELLES

  • Golgi Apparatus
  • Cytoskeleton
  • Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
  • Mitochondrion
  • Vacuole

ANIMAL CELL ORGANELLES

  • Cytosol
  • Lysosome
  • Centrosome
  • Cell Membrane

ANIMAL CELL ORGANELLE FUNCTIONS

  • Nucleolus-produces RNA
  • Nucleus-controls the function of the cells and contains DNA
  • Ribosomes-small organelles composed of RNA; sites ofprotein synthesis
  • Vesicle-fluid enclosed by a lipid bilayer membrane;organizes cell substances
  • Rough ER-transports materials through the cell and produces proteins

ANIMAL CELL ORGANELLE FUNCTIONS

  • Golgi Apparatus-packages proteins and carbohydrates into vesicles for export
  • Cytoskeleton-gives the cell its' shape and resistance to deformation
  • Smooth ER-transports materials through the cell
  • Mitochondrion-converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP
  • Vacuole-fills with food being digested and waste material

ANIMAL CELL ORGANELLE FUNCTIONS

  • Cytosol-the site of multiple cell processes
  • Lysosome-digests cell nutrients
  • Centrosome-makes microtubules
  • Cell Membrane-allows substances to pass into the cell and blocks others

ANIMAL CELL FUN FACTS

  • The cell is self -sufficient. It can generate organelles if needed
  • Animal cells have a self-destruct system called apoptosis
  • The nucleus can be located anywhere in the cell
  • The average size of an animal cell is 1-100 micrometers

THE PLANT CELL

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PLANT CELL ORGANELLES

  • Cell membrane
  • Cell wall
  • Nuclear membrane
  • Plasmodesma
  • Vacuole

PLANT CELL ORGANELLES

  • Plastids
  • Chloroplast
  • Leucoplast
  • Chromoplast
  • Golgi bodies

PLANT CELL ORGANELLES

  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleus
  • Chromatin
  • Cytoskeleton
  • Nucleolus

PLANT CELL ORGANELLES

  • Mitochondrion
  • Extra: DNA, RNA

PLANT CELL ORGANELLE FUNCTIONS

  • Cell membrane-allows some substances to pass through, blocks others
  • Cell wall-gives the cell most of its support and structure
  • Nuclear membrane-the membrane that surrounds the nucleus
  • Plasmodesma-enables transport and communication between cells
  • Vacuole-helps maintain the shape of the cell

PLANT CELL ORGANELLE FUNCTIONS

  • Plastids-manufactures and stores chemical compounds used by the cell
  • Chloroplast-Photosynthesis is taken place
  • Leucoplast-provide a wide range of essential biosynthetic functions
  • Chromoplast-synthesize and store pigments
  • Golgi bodies-packages proteins for export out of the cell

PLANT CELL ORGANELLE FUNCTIONS

  • Cytoplasm- contains all of the cell organelles
  • Nucleus-controls the organelles and contains DNA
  • Chromatin-packages DNA into a smaller volume to fit in the cell,
  • reinforces the DNA macromolecule to allow mitosis, prevents DNA
  • damage and controls DNA replication and gene expression

PLANT CELL ORGANELLE FUNCTIONS

  • Cytoskeleton-gives the cell its' shape
  • Nucleolus-produces RNA
  • Mitochondrion-converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP

PLANT CELL FUN FACTS

  • One sixth of the sun's energy will be used by plants
  • Plant cells were the first cells discovered
  • Plant cells will not rupture when taking in excess water
  • because their cell walls can handle extra fluids.