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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

“Wesberry vs. Sanders?”

BY SAMMI GAINER

James Wesberry Jr. and Carl Sanders both played an important role as being a part of the fifth Congregational District of Georgia. James filed a lawsuit against Mr. Sanders, who happened to be the governor of Georgia at the time (1963), because he knew it was unconstitutional for Mr. Sanders to have a lot larger districts than others. James Wesberry Jr. and Carl Sanders both played an important role as being a part of the fifth Congregational District of Georgia. James filed a lawsuit against Mr. Sanders, who happened to be the governor of Georgia at the time (1963), because he knew it was unconstitutional for Mr. Sanders to have a lot larger districts than others.

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Did the state of Georgia violate the 14th Amendment?

Did Georgia’s congressional districts deprive their citizens of the full benefit of their right to vote?

In Febuary 1964 they voted in favor of James Wesberry

THE VOTE OF THE COURT WAS 6 TO 3.
Photo by Mark Fischer

Justice Black wrote the majority decision and claimed that our founding fathers wrote “by the people” to guarantee equality of representation during the elections for the House of Representatives.

Justice Harlan argued the dissent and claimed that Article 1 and 4 of the Constitution has exclusive control over state districting practices in Congress. He also claimed that the court’s action overrode a congressional decision not to require equally populated districts.

In conclusion, This case shows that a person is a person no matter how small (as Dr Seuss would put). In other words, every American deserves equal representation and that every v…

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“Reynolds vs. United States?”

BY SAMMI GAINER
Photo by Luis Tosta

George Reynolds was a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter day saints which requires him to marry multiple women. He was an English immigrant and was invited by elders in his church. He lives in Utah and he was sent to America to spread his beliefs. When he married multiple women, Utah recognized that as a crime.

Is outlawing polygamy violating the 1st Amendment?

THE SUPREME COURT VOTED IN FAVOR OF THE UNITED STATES (6 TO 0)
Photo by Mark Fischer

The court decided anonymously that polygamy is against the law and, therefore, is a crime. Justice Waite states that freedom to exercise religion means freedom to hold on to an opinion or belief and not taking action that violates social behavior or a violation to order.

This case shows America the major difference between freedom of conscience and freedom of religious action. One can not do what is considered unacceptable for a civiled society.

Photo by Josh Kenzer

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