Boston Fine Arts Museum Project

This Realism painting is called Bonjour Monsieur Courbet by J. M. W. Turner. This painting displays a realistic situation, two men greeting each other. It was painted in the Realist era in the year 1854. Turner was from London.

This is a painting is called The Fighting Téméraire created by Gustave Courbet. The artist is from France. He created this Romanticism painting in the year 1838. The painting is identified as a romanticism painting because it shows a calm picture of the ocean. When viewing the painting, you feel a sense of peace. He stayed away from political paintings and focused on landscapes and still life.

An useful invention created was the Jacquard loom. It was invented by Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1804. Joseph Marie was from France. The Jacquard loom made it easier to create challenging designs. He did this by having control over the warp and weft threads on a silk loom.

Another very helpful invention created in the 1850s was the Bessemer process. It was ivented by Henery Bessemer. It was created to remove the impurities from iron. It did this by sending blasts of cold air blown through heated iron. It was a very popular and useful design

Importance of coal and steam

• Coal was used for operating many machines in factories. Such as the steam engine and puddling.
• In order to run trains, the engines needed coal.
• Also coal was a natural resource that many other countries needed. Great Britain had a supply of coal,so they had an advantage.
• As many countries followed the foot steps of Great Britain and had their own industrial revolution, they built lots of factories.
• These countries needed coal to operate machines in factories. Any country that had the natural resource coal had an advantage. Lots of countries needed coal.
• Young boys would work in coal mines. They were suited for this job because they were small. They could fit into the narrow mines and move the coal around.

Sir Walter scott

• Sir Walter Scott book Ivanhoe, was a best seller in the 1800's. The story Ivanhoe was about medieval England knights disputes.
• He was a romantic writer from Scotland.
• People who wrote romantic novels, including Sir Walter Scott, believed romance made you learn more about yourself.
• Most romantic writers created stories that expressed there strong nationalism.

Gustave Flaubert

• This French author, who goes by the name Gustave Flaubert, was a popular author is the 1850's.
• One of his many works is Madame Bovary. The book is about a realistic life of a small-town in France.
• Most Realism authors combine their idea on social issues and their ordinary day.
• The wrote about characters with ordinary lives. The rejected the idea of writing unrealistic stories.
• Realism authors used very precise details in their story to avoid any emotional outlook.
• They tend to write novels over poems.

The Russian Dmitry Mendeleyev was a chemist. He taught first at St. Petersburg Technological institute. He is known for forming the periodic table of elements in the 1860's. From the systematic arrangement he discovered, he could then learn more unknown elements. This was a very helpful discovery in science.

Charles Darwin

• Charles Darwin was a Biologist born in England.
• He published a book On the Origin of species by Means of Natural selection. It explained the idea of organic evolution.
• This idea explained how organisms formed from simpler forms of life over a long period of time.
• He also talked about natural selection. This idea talked about organisms, that were unfit to survive, died off. The organisms, that were suited for survival would, live and reproduce.
• Many people hated Darwin for this theory. It tested the idea that humans are a creation of god.
• People would create comics making fun of him. Other scientists accepted his theory.

Ludwig van Beethoven

• Beethoven was ruled as a musical genius from Germany.
• His most famous pieces were created when he was going deaf.
• His father pushed him day and night so he would become a musical prodigy.
• "Eroica symphony" was a piece he created for Napoleon Bonaparte. He named that the symphony once he saw the true side of Napoleon Bonaparte.
• People characterize his music as both classical and romantic.
• Some of his work was classical pieces. Others were romanticism because some symphonies had dramatic intensity.

Carl Maria Von Weber

• Weber was born in Germany.
• The talented man was a composer and opera director.
• He was born with a diseased hip which caused him to limp.
• His work was romanticism. An example of his works was Der Freischutz. The piece is about a man who sells his soul to the devil in order to receive magic bullets. The magic bullets helps him win a marksmanship and the hand of the women he loves.

Link to work cited document: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ldbwb0OBfK7lbH0ScU_zUOWK0ammaR0hrY3oSxd...