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Atomic Theory Project

Published on Nov 18, 2015

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1.

ATOMIC THEORY

By: Kyndall Curlin
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2.

DEMOCRITUS

  • Ancient Greek philosopher (460-370 BC)
  • Theory: Matter could not be divided into smaller pieces.
  • Atomos is the smallest piece of matter meaning " not to be cut"
  • This discovery was dated back to 2400 years ago.
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3.

JOHN DALTON

  • English chemist & physicist
  • Born Sept. 6, 1766 in Eaglesfield, Cumbria, UK
  • Studied at the University of Manchester
  • The Billard Ball
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4.

JOHN DALTON'S THEORY

  • Matter is made of atoms that are indivisible and industructible
  • Atoms of elements are identical in mass and properties
  • Atoms can be neither created nor destroyed.
  • Chemical reactions are an arrangement of atoms.
  • Compunds are formed by two or more different kinds of atoms
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5.

ERNEST RUTHERFORD

  • Born Aug. 30, 1871 in Bridgewater, NZ
  • Presented to the Manchester Literary & Philosophical Society
  • An unexpected experiment led to the discovery of mass in the nucleus
  • Compared Thomson's atom to a fly in a cathedral
  • It became known as the planetary model
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6.

RUTHERFORD'S EXPERIMENT

  • Deflection angles of "alpha particles" shot thru thin layer of gold
  • Alpha Particles helium atoms stripped of two electeons
  • All of the mass was found in the nucleus of the atom
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7.

J.J. THOMSON

  • British physicist
  • Educated at the University of Cambridge
  • Born Dec. 18, 1856 in Manchester, UK
  • Theory: propsed the model of the atom known as the plum pudding
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8.

J.J. THOMSON CONTD

  • 1897: discovered electrons. The atom is not indivisible
  • Atom consists of sphere of pos. charge w/ neg. electrons
  • Pos. & Neg. charge is equal in magnitude
  • ^ due to which an atom is electronically neutral.
  • It has no overall neg. or pos. charge
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9.

NIELS BOHR

  • Danish physicist
  • Born Oct. 7, 1885 in Copenhagen, Denmark
  • Educated at the University of Copenhagen
  • Refined Rutherford's model in 1913 by saying that electrons:
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10.

BOHR'S THEORY

  • Improved Rutherford's model by electrons:
  • Orbit the nucleus without losing energy
  • Could move only in fixed orbits
  • Electrons w/ low energy orbit closer to the nucleus
  • while higher electrons are further from the nucleus
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11.

SOURCES

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Kyndall Curlin