SOCIALISM

ROBERT OWEN AND CHARLES FOURIER

Charles Fourier

• Believed civilization was constrictive
• Poverty was the root of many social ills
• Proposed phalanxes that would organize people by personality type and wealth
• People could live in harmony expressing their passion through their work and relationships

Robert Owen

• Began as a philanthropist and critic of the conditions of workers and the poor
• Ran New Lanark Mill and Village in Glasgow, Scotland as a model factory and community
• Invested in autonomous communities in the US
• Founded the modern co-op movement

PIERRE PROUDHON

Anarchism

• Social revolution would come about gradually and peacefully
• Order without power
• Private property replaced by workers' associations and cooperatives

SCIENTIFIC SOCIALISM

COMMUNIST MANIFESTO AND DAS KAPITAL

• Class Conflict
• Surplus Value of Labor
• Capitalism's Self Destruction
• Critique of Capitalism
• NOT a theory to be put into action

Dialectic

• Hegel - Thesis, Antithesis, Syntheis
• History was defined by struggle
• Marx added the idea of social class to Hege's dialectic and described history through class struggle

PROLETARIAT REVOLUTION?

POLITICAL PARTIES AND GOVERNMENTS

• Germany - Social Democratic Party
• England - Independent Labor Party
• Unions - Collective Bargaining
• Function of 3rd Parties - force social issues to major parties

SOCIAL DEMOCRACY - PRE WWI

• Unions and Right to Strike
• Old Age Pension - Social Security
• Compulsory Education
• Accident/Disability Insurance
• Progressive Taxation - tax wealthy at higher rates
• 1st Country with these policies - Germany under Bismarck

RUSSIAN REVOLUTION